Application of ontology in vulnerability analysis of metro operation systems

Vulnerability analysis plays a key role in the metro operation system, since the metro operation security has become more important than ever. The vulnerability management is a systems engineering, it covers different departments of the metro operation company. A successful vulnerability management needs the close cooperation and coordination between them. However, it has blocked a successful vulnerability management due to lack of the common knowledge basis. This paper applies ontology into the vulnerability analysis of the metro operation system and illustrated the major design ideas of the ontology model. Examples are given as well to demonstrate the implementation of knowledge reasoning based on the ontology. The ontology was also evaluated through expert evaluation for further improvement. By using this technology, a common knowledge base of the vulnerability management in the metro operation system can be built. It provides information sharing, communication and collaboration for all the participants in the system for decision-making. Moreover, further development of the intelligent application can be built based on it, efficiently increasing the management level of the vulnerability.     

基于海绵城市理论的小城镇低影响开发设计初探--以扶沟县高铁新区方案设计为例

传统的城市开发模式导致城市化问题日益严重。本文在新型城市化背景下,通过分析我国小城镇水环境现状,结合海绵城市理论对低影响开发视角下小城镇规划设计进行思考,提出了从流域、街区、地块三个层面解决小城镇水环境问题的规划思路,并以河南省扶沟县高铁新区方案设计为例进行深入探讨。     

纳米塑料对大型 氵 蚤 摄食及生长繁殖的影响

水环境中的纳米塑料（NPs）污染已成为全球性的环境问题。大型溞（Daphnia magna）作为淡水中重要的初级消费者之一,常被运用于基于生物操纵的富营养化水体修复,但关于NPs对大型溞摄食行为的影响尚不清晰。以大型溞和聚苯乙烯纳米塑料（PSNPs,1 000 nm）为研究对象,探究了大型溞21 d内对产毒铜绿微囊藻（Toxic Microcystis aeruginosa）和斜生栅藻（Scenedesmus obliquus）摄食倾向的变化及其生理响应。结果表明,以单一产毒铜绿微囊藻作为食物来源时,大型溞受到的发育和生殖毒性最强;与对照组（单一斜生栅藻饲喂）相比,高浓度产毒铜绿微囊藻组大型溞体内超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量分别升高至对照组的3.97倍和4.55倍,总产卵次数和体长分别降低了73%和13%,且大型溞对产毒铜绿微囊藻的滤食率呈随时间延长而升高的趋势。但在PSNPs（3.56 mg/L）暴露下,在初始藻密度为微囊藻:栅藻为1:9和微囊藻:栅藻为2.5:7.5处理组中,大型溞的滤食能力都显著下降;对照组添加PSNPs后,大型溞对斜生栅藻的滤食率降低了32%。在产毒铜绿微囊藻和斜生栅藻共培养体系中,大型溞对产毒铜绿微囊藻的滤食率比对照组降低了66%,缓解了大型溞所受的发育和生殖毒性,但不利于降低微囊藻的生物量。     

基于VMD和AP聚类的结构损伤识别方法

为了能够用少量无标签监测数据识别结构损伤状态,提出一种创新的损伤识别方法。首先将试验中各个长标距光纤布拉格(FBG)传感器测得的动态响应数据进行变分模态分解(VMD),提取分量信号(IMF)的时域特征和频域特征,通过Relief-F算法选择出各个传感器信号的敏感特征,组合成敏感特征集输入亲和传播(AP)聚类算法中进行损伤识别。本文采用两组不同的试验来验证方法的效果和鲁棒性,在两组试验中分别获得了100%和98.7%的损伤识别率,结果表明方法具有实际应用价值。     

市场环境下可中断负荷的研究与实践评述(二)

可中断负荷作为一种灵活可靠的需求侧资源,在国内外电力系统均得到广泛的应用。介绍了我国需求侧管理背景下的可中断负荷实践,总结了市场环境下可中断负荷在提供系统备用、阻塞管理、抑制市场力等方面的应用,最后分析了江苏近2年电力体制改革背景下的可中断负荷实践,结合我国新一轮电改的有关政策,分析了发展可中断负荷的潜力、挑战与机遇,并提出了相应的发展建议。     

Consumption effects of electricity decarbonization: Evidence from California and the Pacific Northwest

This paper estimates the price-induced impacts of decarbonization policy on CO₂ emissions in California and the Pacific Northwest. We document that retail demands for electricity and natural gas by customer class are highly price-inelastic. Based on the heat rates of natural-gas-fired generation, we find that a 10% electricity rate increase due to electricity decarbonization may not have the consumption effects of further reducing the region’s CO₂ emissions.     

Study on preparation of CNTs-Cu composites materials by chemical coprecipitation hydrogen reduction solid state sintering process

The CNTs-CuO composite powders were synthesized by chemical co-precipitation method, when the co-precipitation temperature was set as 70°C, stirring rate was set to 1000 rpm, pH was 10, drip reaction time was 120 min and the drying temperature was 50°C. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), Copper sulfate, sodium hydroxide were used as raw materials. 8%CNTs-Cu and 16%CNTs-Cu composite powders were synthesized by hydrogen reduction, reduced at 300°C for 2h. 8%CNTs-Cu composite bulk were prepared by a solid-phase sintering process when the molding temperature was 800°C, while 16%CNTs-Cu composite bulk cannot be prepared by the same method.     

供电企业供电服务质量评价体系研究

构建了供电企业供电服务质量评价指标体系,利用逼近理想点法和专家打分法建立了指标权重的计算模型,用下凹型效用函数对单指标进行评分,最后,以算例验证了该评价方法的有效性。     

Gini Coefficient for Voltage Security Assessment of Multi-stage Transmission Expansion Planning

Due to the voltage security uncertainty caused by construction sequence in multi-stage transmission expansion planning (MTEP) in bulk power grids, it is necessary to appropriately arrange the construction sequence of the MTEP schemes to reduce voltage security risk. The Gini coefficient is widely used to weigh the gap of residents' income distribution. In this paper, the voltage security Gini coefficient is defined as the voltage security risk index of the MTEP scheme, and is presented to quantitatively evaluate the entire voltage security of one MTEP scheme. Voltage security evaluation model of the MTEP is established based on voltage security Gini coefficient. Compared to the stabilization cost, the proposed model directly reflects the voltage security of the MTEP scheme, and the local optimum is avoided. The presented method is applied on the IEEE 118-bus 54-generator test system. Results show the validity and effectiveness of the proposed model.     

空间耦合粒子群优化算法及峰谷电价下IES-CCHP区域联合调度

综合能源系统中电力、天然气和热力系统之间的交互影响具有一定的相关性。考虑能源间转换关系以及系统对分时电价的响应,以最小化购售电计划交易成本、燃料成本和排放污染气体所产生的环境成本为目标,建立峰谷电价下冷热电联供(CCHP)系统区域联合环保经济调度模型。为解决粒子群优化算法求解模型时存在的优化效率低、易陷入局部最优、计算结果随机性强等问题,提出一种空间耦合粒子群优化算法。在粒子寻优多维参数空间上,通过引入耦合协调数学模型将各维参数有效耦合,从而使所有参数从总体上同时趋向最优解。仿真结果表明,相比经典粒子群优化算法和改进粒子群优化算法,空间耦合粒子群优化算法有较强的全局搜索能力和更可靠的优化计算结果; 所提CCHP系统的联合调度模型能有效促进能源的高效利用、电力的经济调度和节能减排。